Guava farming has become a lucrative venture for many farmers, especially in regions with suitable climatic and soil conditions. With proper planning and management, guava cultivation can yield high profits. Below, we provide a detailed analysis of the investment, maintenance, and income for guava farming on one hectare of land. Unlock the secrets to guava farming profit from one hectare by exploring optimal practices, climate conditions, and effective management strategies.
Why Guava Farming?
Guava farming is highly rewarding as guava trees start bearing fruits within two years of planting and remain productive for 15–20 years. Known for their adaptability, low maintenance requirements, and high yield potential, guava crops are an excellent choice for sustainable and profitable cultivation.
Cultivation Practice of Guava Farming
Guava is a hardy fruit crop, widely cultivated in tropical and subtropical regions due to its adaptability, low maintenance requirements, and high economic value. Below is an in-depth guide to guava farming, covering essential aspects like soil, climate, land preparation, and planting time.

Soil Requirements
Guava thrives in well-drained sandy loam or clay loam soils rich in organic matter and nutrients, with a slightly acidic to neutral pH of 6.0–7.5. While it can adapt to a range of soil types, guava is sensitive to waterlogging and should not be grown in highly saline soils. Conducting a soil test before planting is essential to ensure suitability, and adding organic manure or compost can enhance soil fertility and structure.
Also Read About: Grape Farming profit in one hectare in Nepal
Climatic Requirements
Guava is a versatile crop that can thrive in a range of climatic conditions, making it suitable for cultivation in diverse regions. However, for optimal growth and fruit production, the ideal temperature range is between 23°C and 28°C. While the plant can tolerate temperatures as low as 15°C and as high as 45°C, extreme conditions may cause fruit damage and affect yield.
Guava requires an annual rainfall of 1,000–1,200 mm, but it is essential to avoid heavy rains during critical stages like flowering and fruiting, as excessive moisture can damage the flowers, hinder pollination, and reduce yield. The crop is well-suited for cultivation in areas up to 1,500 meters above sea level. Although guava can handle mild frosts, it is moderately frost-sensitive, necessitating protective measures in frost-prone regions to safeguard the plants and maintain productivity.
Land Preparation
Proper land preparation ensures healthy growth and high yields:
Step 1: Clearing the Land
- Remove all weeds, shrubs, and stumps from the field.
Step 2: Plowing and Leveling
- Plow the field 2–3 times to loosen the soil and allow for better root penetration.
- Level the land to avoid waterlogging.
Step 3: Organic Amendment
- Mix 10–15 tons of well-decomposed farmyard manure (FYM) or compost per hectare into the soil during plowing.
Step 4: Marking Planting Holes
- Mark the planting holes in a square or triangular pattern based on spacing requirements.
Planting Time
The ideal planting time depends on the region and climatic conditions:
Tropical Regions
Monsoon season (June–August).
Subtropical Regions
Spring (February–March) or during the onset of monsoon (July–August).
Off-Season Planting
In areas with irrigation facilities, guava can be planted throughout the year.
Planting Method
Spacing
- Standard spacing is 4m x 4m, accommodating approximately 625 plants per hectare.
- High-density planting (3m x 3m) can accommodate more plants but requires intensive care.
Planting Pits
- Dig pits measuring 60 cm x 60 cm x 60 cm.
- Fill the pits with a mixture of topsoil, organic manure, and 50 g of phosphorus fertilizer.
Transplanting
- Transplant healthy, disease-free saplings (preferably 6–12 months old) into the prepared pits.
Irrigation Tip: Provide irrigation immediately after planting, especially during dry periods.
Planting Details
- Planting System: Square system.
- Spacing: 4m x 4m.
- Plant Density: Approximately 625 trees per hectare.
Other Cultural Practices
Mulching
Apply organic mulch (like straw or dried leaves) around the base of the plants to conserve soil moisture and suppress weeds.
Training and Pruning
Train the plants to develop a proper framework and prune unwanted branches to promote aeration and sunlight penetration.
Pest and Disease Control
Common pests include fruit flies and guava wilt. Regular monitoring and timely application of biological or chemical controls are necessary.
Summary of Ideal Conditions
Factor | Requirement |
Soil Type | Well-drained sandy/clay loam |
Soil pH | 6.0–7.5 |
Temperature | 23°C–28°C |
Rainfall | 1,000–1,200 mm |
Planting Time | June–August (monsoon) |
Cost of Investment for One Hectare
S.N. | Categories | Cost for 1 hectare (NRs.) |
1 | Land Preparation (ploughing, pit digging) | 105,000 |
2 | Guava Saplings (625 trees at NRs. 300/tree) | 187,500 |
3 | Fertilizers and Manure | 150,000 |
4 | Irrigation System Setup (Drip) | 375,000 |
5 | Labor Costs (Planting, Maintenance) | 105,000 |
6 | Pest & Disease Control | 90,000 |
7 | Miscellaneous Costs (Pesticides, Mulch, etc.) | 120,000 |
Total Cost | 1,132,000 |
Income from One Hectare of Guava Farming
Year | Estimated Yield (kg) | Market Price (NRs. /kg) | Total Income (NRs.) |
2nd Year | 12,000 | 100 | 12,00,000 |
3rd Year | 15,000 | 100 | 15,00,000 |
4th Year | 18,000 | 100 | 18,00,000 |
5th Year and Onward | 22,500 | 100 | 22,50,000 |
Annual Maintenance Cost
From the second year onward, the annual maintenance cost for guava farming is estimated to be NRs. 300,000–375,000 per hectare, which includes labor, fertilizers, pest control, and miscellaneous expenses.
Guava Farming Profit Analysis
2nd Year
- Total Income: NRs. 12,00,000
- Maintenance Cost: NRs. 300,000–375,000
- Net Profit: 8,25,000–9,00,000
3rd Year
- Total Income: NRs. 15,00,000
- Maintenance Cost: NRs. 300,000–375,000
- Net Profit: 11,25,000–12,00,000
5th Year and Onward
- Total Income: NRs. 22,50,000
- Maintenance Cost: NRs. 300,000–375,000
- Net Profit: 18,75,000–19,50,000
Conclusion
Guava farming in one hectare can provide substantial financial returns with a proper management system. Farmers can expect high profits from the third year onward, making guava cultivation a sustainable and profitable farming venture. With the increasing demand for guava in local and international markets, investing in guava farming is a wise choice for long-term income generation.