The lac operon is one of the most studied models of gene regulation in prokaryotes, particularly in Escherichia coli. It provides a brilliant example of how bacteria efficiently control the expression of genes involved in lactose metabolism, depending on environmental conditions. Let’s dive into its structure, components, and regulation to understand its significance. What is […]
Definition and Origin Biotechnology The term “biotechnology” was first introduced in 1919 by Karl Ereky, a Hungarian agricultural engineer who is widely regarded as the father of biotechnology. Ereky defined biotechnology as: “All lines of work by which products are produced from raw materials with the aid of living things.” This definition highlights the fundamental
Agricultural Biotechnology: Origins, Applications, and Molecular Breakthroughs. Read Post »
Signal transduction in plant is an essential cellular process that allows cells to detect and respond to external stimuli, translating these signals into targeted biological responses. This process involves multiple molecular events, such as receptor activation, secondary messenger production, and intracellular signaling pathways. It plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological functions, including growth,
Secondary Metabolites Secondary metabolites are unique chemical compounds produced in specific plant cells through specialized metabolic pathways. Unlike primary metabolites, which are essential for basic life-sustaining processes such as respiration and photosynthesis, secondary metabolites do not directly contribute to these fundamental functions. Instead, they play critical roles in the ecological and chemical interactions of plants
Secondary Metabolites: Biosynthesis, Classification, and Ecological Significance. Read Post »
Catabolic metabolism in plant cells involves the breakdown of complex molecules like carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins to generate energy and metabolic intermediates that cell can use. It involves following steps Glycolysis Pentosephosphate pathway Citric acid cycle Oxydative phosphorylation Breakdown of starch, lipids and proteins Steps involved in catabolic metabolism in plants Glycolysis Glycolysis is a
