Arecanut Farming Arecanut Farming Profit Per Acre begins with an initial investment of approximately NRs. 492,500 per acre, covering key expenses such as land preparation, purchase of arecanut saplings, application of fertilizers and manure, installation of irrigation systems, and labor for planting and maintenance. From the second year onward, farmers should expect an annual maintenance […]
Olive Farming Olive farming profit per acre varies notably depending on the planting system, with initial investments estimated at NRs. 111,000 for traditional, NRs. 155,950 for intensive, and NRs. 537,600 for high-density planting. Among these, high-density planting yields the highest early returns, generating over NRs. 1.2 million by years 7–10 and peaking at around NRs.
Amla Farming High-Density Amla Farming achieves break-even in the 7th year, while Standard Planting reaches it in the 8th year. This earlier recovery in high-density planting is due to its higher early and peak yields, allowing faster return on investment. Beyond the break-even point, all subsequent income becomes pure profit after deducting only the annual
Walnut Farming Walnut farming profit per acre is significantly higher under the High-Density planting system, which outperforms other systems by generating 5.4 times more profit than the Vigorous system and 2.5 times more than the Semi-Dwarf. Its peak income occurs during Years 21–30, reaching NRs. 1,568,000 per acre annually. In the early production phase (Years
INTRODUCTION Soil salinization is one of the most pressing challenges in global agriculture, increasingly aggravated by climate change and unsustainable irrigation practices (Munns & Tester, 2008; Flowers et al., 2015). Salinity stress disrupts plant water uptake by reducing soil water potential, leading to osmotic stress, ionic imbalance, and eventual toxicity that hampers cellular functions and
Investigating plant salt tolerance through pectin & ion transport Read Post »
